Understanding Height Maps
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What kind of probe do you have?
How big is the offset between the probe and nozzle?
What kind of a printer is it?
"leveling" is kind of a misnomer, it should be called tramming, which is a machining term meaning the axis are made parallel or perpendicular to each other across the range of travel. Leveling the bed with a bubble level isn't going to help, because it's "level" to gravity rather than the motion platform being even to the bed surface.The best way to see if the heightmap is actually accurate is to do a test print with it enabled and disabled and see which prints best.
Something like this.
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@phaedrux OK, thx for the reply.
This is a custom build Cartesian printer with 2 independent X, and Z towers.
I will look up "tramming"
You are saying that the issue is probably the axis X, Y or Z is not parallel or perpendicular to the nozzle and the motion of travel.
I will remove the Height Map and see the difference, however if it prints best without the height map what will that mean?
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@jsinicro The probe is a BLTouch.
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@jsinicro said in Understanding Height Maps:
if it prints best without the height map what will that mean?
That there is something wrong with probe install, hardware, or config.
Post your config.g, homing files, bed.g, etc.
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@jsinicro it looks as though the bed is parallel to neither the X nor the Y axis. See https://duet3d.dozuki.com/Wiki/Using_the_manual_bed_levelling_assistant for how to adjust the levelling screws.
Duet WiFi hardware designer and firmware engineer
Please do not ask me for Duet support via PM or email, use the forum
http://www.escher3d.com, https://miscsolutions.wordpress.com -
@phaedrux here is my config:
; Configuration file for Duet 3 (firmware version 3) ; executed by the firmware on start-up ; ; generated by RepRapFirmware Configuration Tool v3.2.3 on Sun Apr 18 2021 23:08:09 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) ; General preferences G90 ; send absolute coordinates... M83 ; ...but relative extruder moves M550 P"jsinicro_1" ; set printer name ; Network M551 P"tinisa1125" ; set password M552 P0.0.0.0 S1 ; enable network and acquire dynamic address via DHCP M586 P0 S1 ; enable HTTP M586 P1 S0 ; disable FTP M586 P2 S0 ; disable Telnet ; Set Kinematics type and kinematics parameters M669 K0 ;X1:0:0 Y0:1:0 Z0:0:1 U1:0:0 ; ; Drives S = motor direction 0 is backwards/reversed direction based on motor orientation ; M569 P0.0 S1 ; physical drive 0.0 goes forwards z xxis 1 motor 1 M569 P0.1 S1 ; physical drive 0.1 goes forwards z axis 2 motor 1 M569 P0.2 S1 ; physical drive 0.2 goes forwards y axis 1 motor 1 M569 P0.3 S1 ; physical drive 0.3 goes forwards y axis 1 motor 2 M569 P0.4 S1 ; physical drive 0.4 goes forwards z axis 2 motor 2 M569 P0.5 S1 ; physical drive 0.5 goes forwards z axis 1 motor 2 M569 P1.0 S1 ; physical drive 1.0 goes forwards x axis 2 motor 1 M569 P1.1 S0 ; physical drive 1.1 goes forwards x axis 2 tool 1 motor M569 P3.0 S0 ; physical drive 3.0 goes forwards x axis 1 motor 1 M569 P3.1 S0 ; physical drive 3.1 goes forwards x axis 1 tool 2 motor ; mapping 2 motors on separate X axis and 2 motors each on 2 separate Z axis Y has just 2 motors ;M584 R0 S0 X1.0 U3.0 Y0.2:0.3 Z0.0:0.5:0.1:0.4 E1.1:3.1 P4 M584 R0 S0 X1.0 U3.0 Y0.2:0.3 Z0.0:0.5:0.1:0.4 E1.1:3.1 P4 M350 X16 Y16 Z16 U16 E16:16 I1 ; configure microstepping with interpolation M92 X80.00 Y395.72 Z400.00 U80.00 E840.99:840.99 ; set steps per mm M566 X300.00 Y300.00 Z60.00 U300.00 E120.00:120.00 ; set maximum instantaneous speed changes (mm/min) M203 X900.00 Y900.00 Z180.00 U900.00 E900.00:900.00 ; set maximum speeds (mm/min) M201 X150.00 Y200.00 Z20.00 U150.00 E150.00:150.00 ; set accelerations (mm/s^2) M906 X800 Y1200 Z1200 U800 E800:800 I30 ; set motor currents (mA) and motor idle factor in per cent M84 S30 ; Set idle timeout ; Axis Limits starting with Left tower M208 X-30.16 Y-36 Z0 U-29.64 S1 ; set axis minima M208 X685 Y867 Z800 U685 S0 ; set axis maxima ; Endstops M574 X1 S1 P"!1.io0.in" ; configure 2 active-low "!" in name endstop for low end on X M574 Y1 S1 P"!1.io1.in" ; Y M574 Z2 S1 P"!1.io3.in" ; Z M574 Z2 S1 P"!3.io3.in" ; Z M574 U1 S1 P"!3.io0.in" ; configure 2 active-low "!" in name endstop for low end on X ; Z-Probe M558 P9 C"^1.io4.in" X0 Y0 Z1 H20 F120 K0 T6000 ; disable Z probe but set dive height, probe speed and travel speed M950 S0 C"1.io4.out" G31 X42 Y0 Z0.75 K0 P25 M558 P9 C"^3.io4.in" U0 Y0 Z1 H20 F120 K1 T6000 ; disable Z probe but set dive height, probe speed and travel speed M950 S1 C"3.io4.out" G31 U-44 Y0 Z2.648 K1 P25 ; Heaters M308 S0 P"temp0" Y"thermistor" T100000 B4138 ; configure sensor 0 as thermistor on pin temp0 main board M950 H0 C"out0" T0 ; create bed heater output on out0 and map it to sensor 0 ; disable bang-bang mode for the bed heater and set PWM limit M307 H0 B0 R0.348 C629.5 D2.14 S1.00 ; pid tuning parameters M140 H0 ; map heated bed to heater 0 M143 H0 S120 ; set temperature limit for heater 0 to 120C M308 S1 P"1.temp0" Y"thermistor" T100000 B4138 ; configure sensor 1 as thermistor on pin and CAN #3.temp0 M950 H1 C"1.out0" T1 ; create nozzle heater output on 1.out0 and map it to sensor 1 M307 H1 B0 R2.209 C212.4 D5.61 S1.00 V24.2 ; pid tuning parameters M143 H1 S280 ; set temperature limit for heater 1 to 280C M308 S2 P"3.temp0" Y"thermistor" T100000 B4138 ; configure sensor 2 as thermistor on pin and CAN # 1.temp0 M950 H2 C"3.out0" T2 ; create nozzle heater output on 2.out0 and map it to sensor 2 M307 H2 B0 R2.248 C149.8 D4.97 S1.00 V24.3 ; pid tuning parameters M143 H2 S280 ; set temperature limit for heater 2 to 280C ; Fans ;M950 F0 C"1.out3" Q500 ; create fan 0 on pin 1.out3 and set its frequency ;M106 P0 S0 H-1 ; set fan 0 value. Thermostatic control is turned off ;M950 F1 C"1.out4" Q500 ; create fan 1 on pin 2.out3 and set its frequency ;M106 P1 S1 H-1 ; set fan 1 value. Thermostatic control is turned off ;M950 F2 C"3.out3" Q500 ; create fan 2 on pin 1.out4 and set its frequency ;M106 P2 S1 H1-1 T45 ; set fan 2 value. Thermostatic control is turned off ;M950 F3 C"3.out4" Q500 ; create fan 3 on pin 2.out4 and set its frequency ;M106 P3 S1 H1-1 T45 ; set fan 3 value. Thermostatic control is turned off ; Tools M563 P0 S"Z2-Axis" D0 H1 ;F0 ; define tool 0 G10 P0 X0 Y0 Z0 ; set tool 0 axis offsets G10 P0 R0 S0 ; set initial tool 0 active and standby temperatures to 0C M563 P1 S"Z1-Axix" D1 H2 X3 ;F2 ; define tool 1 X3 maps X movements to the U axis G10 P1 U0 Y0 Z0 ; set tool 0 axis offsets G10 P1 R0 S0 ; set initial tool 1 active and standby temperatures to 0C ; Create a tool that prints 2 copies of the object using both carriages M563 P2 D0:1 H1:2 X0:3 ; tool 2 uses both extruders, hot end heaters, and maps X to both X and U G10 P2 X50 Y0 U-50 S0 R0 ; set tool offsets and temperatures M567 P2 E1:1 ; set mix ratio 100% on both extruders ; Fillament sensor M591 D0 P7 C"0.io5.in" L7 R50:200 E15 S0 ;Bigtree smart filament moniter v2 set to moniter between 55%-150% of 7 counts over a distance of 22mm M591 D1 P7 C"3.io5.in" L7 R50:200 E15 S0 ;Bigtree smart filament moniter v2 set to moniter between 55%-150% of 7 counts over a distance of 22mm M581 P"1.io5.in" T2 C0 M581 P"3.io5.in" T3 C0 ; Custom settings are not defined ; Miscellaneous M575 P1 S1 B57600 ; enable support for PanelDue M501 undefined -
@phaedrux here is my bed:
; bed.g ; called to perform automatic bed compensation via G32 ; ; generated by RepRapFirmware Configuration Tool v3.2.3 on Sun Apr 18 2021 23:08:09 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) M561 ; clear any bed transform G29 ; probe the bed and enable compensation undefined -
@dc42 OK, I don't understand M571, how do I know what values to put besides the extruder heater pin #?
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oops I got confused and looked up M571 not M671; please disregard my previous comment.
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@jsinicro OK, so the M671 to define the lead screws of the Z axis, is this dimension from the nozzle to the lead screws? OK so this is not from the springs bed manual level wheel screws? This is from the motor lead screws to the nozzle?
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@jsinicro OK my question is what are the "You must use the M671 command to define the X and Y coordinates of the adjusting screws"?
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@jsinicro said in Understanding Height Maps:
@jsinicro OK my question is what are the "You must use the M671 command to define the X and Y coordinates of the adjusting screws"?
Assuming a single tool setup when the printer is properly homed a G1 X0 Y0 command moves the nozzle to X=0 Y=0.
They X and Y coordinates of the lead screws/adjusting screws are in reference to that point X=0 Y=0.
Frederick
Printers: A FT-5 with the 713 upgrade bits, a custom MarkForged style, a small Utilmaker style, a small CoreXY from kit and a E3D MS/TC setup. Various hotends. Using Duets (2 and 3) running 3.4.6
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@fcwilt OK, I have not yet figured out how to measure the lead screws distance to some what reference point to satisfy the M671 command?
I ran the Hight leveling routine again and the results are after I made sure that the X axis is parallel with the bed here are the results:
they are pretty much the same.
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@fcwilt OK, not sure what you mean by "lead screws/adjusting screws" lead screws are different from adjusting screws right. The lead screw is the screw that the motor turns -in this case the Z axis right?
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@jsinicro here is a picture of the printer, the two wooden pieces are of the exact height and were used to measure and adjust the lead screw to the same height at both ends of the X axis, the I ran the height map routine.
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Have you seen this?
https://duet3d.dozuki.com/Wiki/Bed_levelling_using_multiple_independent_Z_motors
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@jsinicro said in Understanding Height Maps:
@fcwilt OK, not sure what you mean by "lead screws/adjusting screws" lead screws are different from adjusting screws right. The lead screw is the screw that the motor turns -in this case the Z axis right?
The firmware supports auto bed leveling and manual bed leveling.
Auto bed leveling requires multiple Z steppers.
Manual bed leveling can make use of "thumb screws" that you turn by hand to make the needed adjustments to level the bed.
Now as to determining the X and Y coordinates to enter with the M671 command.
Consider this image of a imaginary printer bed arrangement:
The M208 command would be M208 X-50:50 Y-50:50 which means the printable area is 100 x 100 and X=0 Y=0 is at the center of the bed.
The four lead screws are 20 x 20 off each corner.
Lets assume that the Z steppers are assigned in the M584 command in this order:
- left front
- left rear
- right rear
- right front
So for the M671 we must specify the lead screw positions in the same order:
- left front
- left rear
- right rear
- right front
So that gives us M671 X-70:-70:70:70 Y:-70:70:70:-70
All the measurements are taken from the X=0 Y=0 point at the center of the bed.
Does that make it clear?
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@fcwilt Yes, that's awesome thankyou. I will comeback this evening to do this.
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@jsinicro OK so I think I understand the auto probing, I've set up the bed.g with 5 points 4 corners and the the center of the bed. should I execute the G29 to enable compensation at the end after the probing?
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@jsinicro OK, so this is the new bed.g:
; bed.g ; called to perform automatic bed compensation via G32 ; ; generated by RepRapFirmware Configuration Tool v3.2.3 on Sun Apr 18 2021 23:08:09 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) M561 ; clear any bed transform G30 K0 P0 X0 Y0 Z-9999 G30 K0 P1 X0 Y500 Z-9999 G30 K0 P2 X500 Y500 Z-9999 G30 K0 P3 X500 Y50 Z-9999 G30 K0 P4 X300 Y300 Z-9999 undefinedHowever when I execute this it runs into the X endstop eventually it stops don't understand why I home all first then in the home all after the homez I put the G32 command. Why is it running into the endstop?
