Pressure advance input from instrument measurement

[Urban]

@brunofporto I have done some dynamic measurements, mostly with the intent to study retract.

The graph shows three repeated tests. I don't remember the exact settings.

1. The graph starts with an S-curve type acceleration. The hotted was primed a few minutes before the test.
2. The force build up to close to 8N initially
3. The force is reduced once everything gets going
4. The retract takes place and the force is reduced to -1 N. This is the holding force and independent of how much you retract it will not be lower. I think this is caused by plastic deformation of warm filament near the heat break. 1N is the force you get for all filaments I have tested.
5. The plastic deformation relaxes the force to zero in less than a second.
6. The force build quickly after the un-retract when the retract state have been for one second. The un-retract length was the same as the retract length.

The waviness you can see in curves from 4-10s (peak to peak around 1 s) are caused by the gears in the planetary gear used in the extruder.

The very smal jitter in the curve is the full steps of the stepper. I use a Trinamic with 16 micro steps and interpolation to 256 micro steps.

[gmedlicott]

Great info on nozzle pressure vs temperature and feed rate. So at 250'C you can feed almost 5x as fast as at 210'C for the same nozzle pressure (with your configuration of course)!

On your dynamic graph, a correctly set pressure advance constant will shift the linear rising pressure slope, but won't cure the post-rise excess pressure overshoot I don't think. For that, a different algorithm would be needed.

[nophead]

@urban The ripple due to gearing is a shock. I thought involute gears are supposed to be constant velocity. I have often wondered if a timing belt drive would be better as it has less backlash and probably more constant velocity.

[deckingman]

@nophead said in Pressure advance input from instrument measurement:

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It would be great to be able to measure the pressure at the nozzle. ..................

This is something that I have given a lot of thought to over the years. One way would be to use a Diamond hot end but only feed filaments into two of the inputs and fit a transducer into the third input. Sadly, I don't have the resources (financial or otherwise) to pursue this.

[brunofporto]

@deckingman I think the main problem is the price of the pressure sensor that can handle that temperature. It renders this method, of measuring pushing force right at the hotend, a very nice approach!

It is measuring pressure after all, with a little friction but... it just needs to correlate with the nozzle area

[deckingman]

@brunofporto said in Pressure advance input from instrument measurement:

@deckingman I think the main problem is the price of the pressure sensor that can handle that temperature. ..............................................

Yes, absolutely. Many years ago, I worked for an engineering consultancy and we were measuring pressures in real time inside the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines. I think I'd have to sell my house to buy the equipment we were using.

[nophead]

@brunofporto The problem is it isn't a little friction. I can easily dominate the force with PLA because it is not very viscous but it is very rubbery past its glass transition and creates a lot of friction like a tyre.

If we could measure the pressure in the melt chamber accurately and in real time we could create a servo loop.

[brunofporto]

@nophead Sure - a nice masters or phd thesis to go for

[T3P3Tony]

@adavidm the sensor you linked could work for this application in an appropriately modified hotend:

https://www.kistler.com/?type=669&fid=75071&model=document

Sensor face exposed to the molten plastic @ <450C but the remainder insulated from the heater block. Only practical for testing but still it could be an option.

[stewwy]

One way of lowering the temperature would be to fill a heatbreak with very low melting point solder and put a diaphragm of silicone at each end, that would bring the temp down at the measuring point. you would need to work out a correction factor though.