Hollow shaft extruder
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Just wanted to jump in as the video says that the motors was special-order.
There seems to be both nema 8/14/16/17 motors available with hollow shafts with a 3mm ID.
The nema 8 comes in at 50g weight while still providing 1.5Ncm.https://www.omc-stepperonline.com/dual-shaft-nema-8-hollow-shaft-stepper-motor-bipolar-1-5ncm-2-12oz-in-0-49a-20x20x27mm-8hs12-0494h
https://www.omc-stepperonline.com/nema-14-hollow-shaft-stepper-motor-bipolar-18ncm-25-5oz-in-0-8a-35x35x34mm-14hs13-0804sh -
This one even comes mounted on a ball bearing: https://www.aliexpress.us/item/2251832765359999.html?gatewayAdapt=glo2usa4itemAdapt
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@mrehorstdmd at 33mm diameter, I think it’s probably a bit big! Normal ones are 15mm, with a 3mm bore. But a good idea and worth testing, I’d think.
Ian
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@nikscha said in Hollow shaft extruder:
that's basically non-existent. I'd say the VDE-100 passes with flying colors.
It's slightly easier to see with the naked eye. I suspect it's actually caused by the motor, not the VDE-100. It's a very old motor and the hole I drilled down the shaft is a little off-centre.
Do you have a macro shot of the filament after it has been extruded? Would also be interesting to see the difference between filament that has been extruded with a "load" applied vs without. Probably the pitch will change then? And/or the amount of "plow"? Maybe even steps/mm will change depending of load/resistance from the nozzle?
I do have a picture somewhere but can't lay my hands on it just at the moment. In a recent experiment I found that the thread pitch would compress by approaching 50% when I attempted a filament feed rate of 7.5mm/s on 1.75mm filament. And, yes, this affects steps/mm. But you have to be printing with a large layer height and wide line and going fast to need 7.5mm/s. The same happens with all extruders but it happens earlier with VDE-100.
This reminds me about some other things I wanted to mention to you: It would be interesting to see how much feed rate is reduced in your extruder due to filament distortion. There will be some effect, but given the number of teeth contacting the filament at once the expectation is that it will be less than for the VDE-100. And the other thing is that rq3 and I both concluded in our experiments that pushing filament is a different thing to pulling filament. Pushing causes compression whereas pulling causes stretch and these may interact differently with the drive system. It is, of course, a lot easier to measure how much weight an extruder can lift but in the end it is the pushing force that is key.
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I have added ball-joints to the fila-rollers. The idea was to have a seperate upper and lower half of the carrier and with a little twist, I can unwrap the rollers from the filament and pull it out.
Because the twist also changes the depth of cut.//edit It's sadly not enough unwrapping, maybe if I also spread them apart while twisting....
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@o_lampe would it be possible to prepare the filament (eg near the filament holder) with grooves in advance, so the requirements are lower for the extruder (only Z movement needs to be exact), or is this patent protected? (I cannot remember the printer name, with special filament gear rod at one side)
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@JoergS5 There are more and more people using push-pull dual extruder motors. If the stationary motor would already cut the thread (with a beefy NEMA17 motor) it would help for sure. Just wondering, if the threaded filament would still fit through common PTFE tube?
I'm impressed of the pancake motor weighting only 28 grams. It would be a good candidate then (with a hollow shaft) -
Guys, this is a can of worms with hollow shaft.
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@tecno A few years ago, that's what they said about geared extruders, too.
I see it as a challenge. Maybe we'll end up with a ballscrew-extruder? I've drawn some sketches already
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Biggest issue is the hot hollow shaft, not an easy task to solve.
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@tecno Will it be hotter than the following heatsink?
Which filament will suffer the most?- ABS will even like it to be preheated
- PETG, I don't know
- PLA, perhaps above 60°C?
Maybe we find a 3mm OD PTFE tube that fits inside the shaft? Or cover the inner shaft wall with Kapton tape...
One step at a time -
In the meantime, I sketched ballraces wrapped around filament. (I have a bag of 2.3mm balls for mgn12 maintenance)
The races should intersect with the filament at the angled part, but not at the start/endpointThe intersection I achieved looks a bit odd, but i can't figure out how to solve it in openScad.
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@o_lampe Check this one.. opensource design with files on github.. Uses a BLDC motor + encoder.
Weight is just below 90g.
Demo of it in use.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0SuaIMxAs0Assembly video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmcOtlD_yG0
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@tecno It's not a problem if the motor does not get hot and that's ultimately a function of gearing ratio. I have been using a hollow shaft for over a year with no problems at all.
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@pakar I like that approach with the stepper below the screw part. That would be a good idea on a Smart-Effector, too. If only there weren't so many connectors...
A pancake is so short, the filament won't have much time to heat up. -
@JoergS5 said in Hollow shaft extruder:
would it be possible to prepare the filament (eg near the filament holder) with grooves in advance, so the requirements are lower for the extruder (only Z movement needs to be exact), or is this patent protected? (I cannot remember the printer name, with special filament gear rod at one side)
Lining up the groove with the wheels would be tricky. What is most likely to happen is you cut another thread and the excess cutting grinds the filament into dust.
And, responding to the question about patents, there is a potential problem here. Fuselabs has a patent which covers the VDE-100 and any variation you can imagine. However for VDE-100 specifically, and perhaps other variations, there is prior art. See https://www.patreon.com/posts/threadless-or-57786089.
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@nikscha Here are some filament photos for you. This piece of filament was fed at a constant 6mm/s. Initially there was no load as it moved through the heatsink. When it hit the nozzle, the load increased rapidly and the thread pitch became compressed.
Here is a close-up showing the shape of the groove in profile. As you can just see when the pitch compresses a slight ridge develops parallel to the groove and the groove widens.
It's pretty difficult to photograph this, so apologies for the imperfect images.
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Does the "thread" compression occur because the bearings used to cut them wobble a bit? If you used two wheels to cut threads on each of the 3 positions, and mounted the cutters on a short rod or tube with a bearing at each end, the wobble would go away and so might the thread compression. Or maybe needle bearings would be better than ball bearings for this application.
You can get 5mm dia stainless steel tubing via amazon: https://www.amazon.com/uxcell-Stainless-Thickness-Seamless-Straight/dp/B082FGC8XG
If you can't drill the motor shaft, I suspect you can press the shaft out of a motor and replace it with a tube without too much difficulty. I think the hot hollow shaft is only a problem if you print with PLA. I can't foresee the future and can't say for sure that my prints will never end up in a hot car for a few minutes, so I prevent problems by not printing with PLA.Slightly off-topic, we went from mostly using 3mm filament to 1.75mm because the extruders could be made smaller and the smaller diameter filament can melt faster. Why aren't we moving to 1mm filament? The reduced diameter would allow melting the filament almost right at the nozzle and a lot of extrusion problems would go away, I think.
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@mrehorstdmd Re: smaller filament
I made my own 0.8mm filament a while back. 0.8mm because 1mm ID PTFE tube was available. It would help shrinking extruders and reduce weight.
I couldn't test much, because there was no hobbed gear that I could use.
The screw extruder would also be difficult to adapt; needs much smaller bearings and so little filament to bite.
@deckingman Do you think, mixing extruders would benefit from thinner filament diameter? Toothpaste-effect a.s.o...Talking about making filament: It would be nice to have threaded filament right from the roll.
The intake of the extruder would have a matching thread and it rotates with the bearings. So the thread would align automatically . -
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